Remote sensing - Near surface remote sensing
Near-surface remote sensing, or proximal remote sensing, narrows the focus to observations made in close proximity to the land surface, such as on the top of a tripod, mast, or tower, or from a drone.
When we mention remote sensing, our minds often jump to images captured by satellites. In reality, many measurements taken from a distance without direct contact with the target fall under the umbrella of remote sensing.
Near-surface remote sensing allows us to gather data over a specific area at any given time, collecting consistent time series of clear observations, regardless of cloud cover. These observations provide valuable information for studying land surface changes under climate variations and global warming. Near surface remote sensing is a crucial step in calibrating and validating satellite-derived products, including biophysical parameters, land surface phenology, and vegetation productivity.
Phenological cameras and multispectral sensors for continuous measurements
We are collecting spectral data at a variety of locations, in Sweden and other countries. We operate SITES Spectral, which is a component of the Swedish Infrastructure for Ecosystem Science (SITES). In SITES spectral, and in collaboration with several other universities and institutes, we operate phenological cameras and multispectral sensors for continuous year-round measurements (Figure 1). We also carry out regular flights to collect multispectral data from drones. These quality controlled data provide information to support ecosystem understanding across Sweden, and as calibration/validation of remotely sensed products.
For highly localized measurements we operate portable broadband sensors and spectroradiometers.
