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Portrait of Alex Vermeulen

Alex Vermeulen

Manager

Portrait of Alex Vermeulen

Headline indicators for global climate monitoring

Author

  • Blair Trewin
  • Anny Cazenave
  • Stephen Howell
  • Matthias Huss
  • Kirsten Isensee
  • Matthew D. Palmer
  • Oksana Tarasova
  • Alex Vermeulen

Summary, in English

The World Meteorological Organization has developed a set of headline indicators for global climate monitoring. These seven indicators are a subset of the existing set of essential climate variables (ECVs) established by the Global Climate Observing System and are intended to provide the most essential parameters representing the state of the climate system. These indicators include global mean surface temperature, global ocean heat content, state of ocean acidification, glacier mass balance, Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent, global CO2 mole fraction, and global mean sea level. This paper describes how well each of these indicators are currently monitored, including the number and quality of the underlying datasets; the health of those datasets; observation systems used to estimate each indicator; the timeliness of information; and how well recent values can be linked to preindustrial conditions. These aspects vary widely between indicators. While global mean surface temperature is available in close to real time and changes from preindustrial levels can be determined with relatively low uncertainty, this is not the case for many other indicators. Some indicators (e.g., sea ice extent) are largely dependent on satellite data only available in the last 40 years, while some (e.g., ocean acidification) have limited underlying observational bases, and others (e.g., glacial mass balance) with data only available a year or more in arrears.

Department/s

  • Dept of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science
  • ICOS Sweden

Publishing year

2021

Language

English

Pages

20-37

Publication/Series

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

Volume

102

Issue

1

Document type

Journal article

Publisher

American Meteorological Society

Topic

  • Climate Research

Status

Published

ISBN/ISSN/Other

  • ISSN: 0003-0007