The browser you are using is not supported by this website. All versions of Internet Explorer are no longer supported, either by us or Microsoft (read more here: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/windows/end-of-ie-support).

Please use a modern browser to fully experience our website, such as the newest versions of Edge, Chrome, Firefox or Safari etc.

Default user image.

Vaughan Phillips

Research in the Area of Clouds, Aerosols and Climate

Default user image.

Theory of Time-Dependent Freezing. Part I: Description of Scheme for Wet Growth of Hail

Author

  • Vaughan Phillips
  • Alexander Khain
  • Nir Benmoshe
  • Eyal Ilotoviz

Summary, in English

At subzero temperatures, cloud particles can contain both ice and liquid water fractions. Wet growth of precipitation particles occurs when supercooled cloud liquid is accreted faster than it can freeze on impact. With a flexible framework, the theory of wet growth of hail is extended to the case of the inhomogeneities of surface temperature and of liquid coverage over the surface of the particle. The theory treats the heat fluxes between its wet and dry parts and radial heat fluxes from the sponge layer through the liquid skin to the air. The theory parameterizes effects of nonsphericity of hail particles on their growth by accretion. Gradual internal freezing of any liquid soaking the hail or graupel particle's interior during dry growth ("riming") is treated as well. In this way, the microphysical recycling envisaged by Pflaum in a paper in 1980 is treated, with alternating episodes of wet and dry growth. The present paper, the first of a two-part paper, describes the scheme to treat wet growth, accounting for dependencies on condensate content, temperature, and particle size. Comparison with the laboratory experiments is presented.

Department/s

  • Dept of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science
  • MERGE: ModElling the Regional and Global Earth system

Publishing year

2014

Language

English

Pages

133-163

Publication/Series

Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

Volume

71

Issue

12

Document type

Journal article

Publisher

Amer Meteorological Soc

Topic

  • Physical Geography

Status

Published

ISBN/ISSN/Other

  • ISSN: 1520-0469