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Vaughan Phillips

Research in the Area of Clouds, Aerosols and Climate

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Airborne fungal spore concentrations double but diversity decreases with warmer winter temperatures in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot

Author

  • Maurício C. Mantoani
  • Camila Ribeiro Sapucci
  • Lara C.C. Guerra
  • Maria F. Andrade
  • Maria A.F.S. Dias
  • Pedro L.S. Dias
  • Rachel Ifanger Albrecht
  • Evandro Pereira Silva
  • Fábio Rodrigues
  • Gabriel G. Araujo
  • Douglas Galante
  • Dulcilena M.C. Silva
  • Jorge A. Martins
  • Leila Droprinchinski Martins
  • Solana M. Boschilia
  • Vaughan T.J. Phillips
  • Federico Carotenuto
  • Tina Šantl-Temkiv
  • Cindy E. Morris
  • Fábio L.T. Gonçalves
Show all

Summary, in English

Whilst research on climatic effects on fungal populations and communities (particularly of soil and litter-specialised species) has been done extensively, empirical examples of the impacts of climate change on airborne fungi are still lacking. Using a hot-air balloon to sample fungal spores during the winters of 2022 and 2023, here, we show the effects of warmer winter temperatures on airborne fungi in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot. An increase of 1.36 and 1.85 °C in mean maximum and minimum winter temperatures of 2023 more than doubled the concentration of fungal spores in comparison to 2022, at the same time it did not affect the number of fungal species. Thus, there was a reduction in the diversity (Shannon Index – H’) of fungi in the atmosphere. Cladosporium sp. ranked in first, comprising 61 % of all spores collected and other important plant pathogens such as Epicoccum sp., Pithomyces sp., and Spegazzinia sp. had an increase in concentration of more than 4-fold with the warmer temperatures of 2023. Our results demonstrate how higher winter temperatures might impact fungal aerosols, suggesting that an increase in plant pathogens pressure is expected in a warmer world, with unknown consequences for climate regulation, crop production and the provision of ecosystem services.

Department/s

  • Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (MGeo)
  • BECC: Biodiversity and Ecosystem services in a Changing Climate
  • eSSENCE: The e-Science Collaboration
  • MERGE: ModElling the Regional and Global Earth system

Publishing year

2025

Language

English

Publication/Series

Microbe (Netherlands)

Volume

7

Document type

Article

Publisher

Elsevier

Topic

  • Ecology (including Biodiversity Conservation)

Keywords

  • Cladosporium sp.
  • Climate change
  • Ice nucleation
  • PBAPs
  • Plant pathogens
  • SDG 13 - Climate Action

Status

Published