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Lars Nieradzik

Forskare

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Impact of Changes to the Atmospheric Soluble Iron Deposition Flux on Ocean Biogeochemical Cycles in the Anthropocene

Författare

  • Douglas S. Hamilton
  • J. Keith Moore
  • Almut Arneth
  • Tami C. Bond
  • Ken S. Carslaw
  • Stijn Hantson
  • Akinori Ito
  • Jed O. Kaplan
  • Keith Lindsay
  • Lars Nieradzik
  • Sagar D. Rathod
  • Rachel A. Scanza
  • Natalie M. Mahowald
Visa allt

Summary, in English

Iron can be a growth‐limiting nutrient for phytoplankton, modifying rates of net primary production, nitrogen fixation, and carbon export ‐ highlighting the importance of new iron inputs from the atmosphere. The bioavailable iron fraction depends on the emission source and the dissolution during transport. The impacts of anthropogenic combustion and land use change on emissions from industrial, domestic, shipping, desert, and wildfire sources suggest that Northern Hemisphere soluble iron deposition has likely been enhanced between 2% and 68% over the Industrial Era. If policy and climate follow the intermediate Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 trajectory, then results suggest that Southern Ocean (>30°S) soluble iron deposition would be enhanced between 63% and 95% by 2100. Marine net primary productivity and carbon export within the open ocean are most sensitive to changes in soluble iron deposition in the Southern Hemisphere; this is predominantly driven by fire rather than dust iron sources. Changes in iron deposition cause large perturbations to the marine nitrogen cycle, up to 70% increase in denitrification and 15% increase in nitrogen fixation, but only modestly impacts the carbon cycle and atmospheric CO2 concentrations (1–3 ppm). Regionally, primary productivity increases due to increased iron deposition are often compensated by offsetting decreases downstream corresponding to equivalent changes in the rate of phytoplankton macronutrient uptake, particularly in the equatorial Pacific. These effects are weaker in the Southern Ocean, suggesting that changes in iron deposition in this region dominates the global carbon cycle and climate response.

Avdelning/ar

  • eSSENCE: The e-Science Collaboration
  • MERGE: ModElling the Regional and Global Earth system
  • Institutionen för naturgeografi och ekosystemvetenskap

Publiceringsår

2020

Språk

Engelska

Publikation/Tidskrift/Serie

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

Volym

34

Issue

3

Dokumenttyp

Artikel i tidskrift

Förlag

American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Ämne

  • Physical Geography
  • Oceanography, Hydrology, Water Resources
  • Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences

Status

Published

ISBN/ISSN/Övrigt

  • ISSN: 0886-6236