Abstract

My PhD project performed at the Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry in Jena, Germany, is focused on quantifying CO₂ fluxes over the European Continent to develop a preoperational inverse system in line with the Paris Agreement goals taken effect since 2015 in the means of verifying the reduction of CO₂ emissions. This project is conducted in close cooperation with the research project VERIFY (the funding project). To estimate the anthropogenic emissions of CO₂, quantifying biosphere-atmosphere exchange is of high importance due to the fact that the atmospheric data contain mixed signals from both natural and human-induced emissions. Therefore, using atmospheric inversion tracers are useful tools to infer the possible sources and sinks of CO2, in particular at regional scales where atmospheric data are available and dense such as the domain of Europe. Given that, CO₂ dry model fractions have been widely sampled in continuous measurements and flasks sampling for the recent 5-year across Europe through, mostly, the ICOS site network, as well as through non-ICOS sites.

The CSR inversion system makes use of atmospheric mixing ratio to constrain CO₂ fluxes based on Bayesian inference employing a-priori knowledge from biosphere flux models and best estimation of emission inventories, EDGAR_v4.3 used here. Being quite a heterogenous component, biogenic NEE is the optimized component in the inversion system, while the rest are used as prescribed fluxes -i.e., ocean fluxes and emissions. Results of NEE estimates for the recent years of 2018 and 2019 will be explained in the context of long-term fluxes variability calculated since 2006 using different products of flux models and subset of stations. These results exhibit less uptake of CO₂ in 2018 and 2019 over Europe in the wake of drought occurrence and heat waves, largely concentrated in Central and Northern Europe during growing seasons.

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